多对多的关系
多对多是一种 A 包含多个 B 实例,而 B 包含多个 A 实例的关系。
我们以Question
和 Category
实体为例。
Question 可以有多个 categories, 每个 category 可以有多个 questions。
import { Entity, PrimaryGeneratedColumn, Column } from "typeorm";
@Entity()
export class Category {
@PrimaryGeneratedColumn()
id: number;
@Column()
name: string;
}
import { Entity, PrimaryGeneratedColumn, Column, ManyToMany, JoinTable } from "typeorm";
import { Category } from "./Category";
@Entity()
export class Question {
@PrimaryGeneratedColumn()
id: number;
@Column()
title: string;
@Column()
text: string;
@ManyToMany(() => Category)
@JoinTable()
categories: Category[];
}
@JoinTable()
是@ManyToMany
关系所必需的。
你必须把@JoinTable
放在关系的一个(拥有)方面。
此示例将生成以下表:
+-------------+--------------+----------------------------+
| category |
+-------------+--------------+----------------------------+
| id | int(11) | PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT |
| name | varchar(255) | |
+-------------+--------------+----------------------------+
+-------------+--------------+----------------------------+
| question |
+-------------+--------------+----------------------------+
| id | int(11) | PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT |
| title | varchar(255) | |
+-------------+--------------+----------------------------+
+-------------+--------------+----------------------------+
| question_categories_category |
+-------------+--------------+----------------------------+
| questionId | int(11) | PRIMARY KEY FOREIGN KEY |
| categoryId | int(11) | PRIMARY KEY FOREIGN KEY |
+-------------+--------------+----------------------------+
如何保存这种关系:
const category1 = new Category();
category1.name = "animals";
await connection.manager.save(category1);
const category2 = new Category();
category2.name = "zoo";
await connection.manager.save(category2);
const question = new Question();
question.categories = [category1, category2];
await connection.manager.save(question);
启用级联后,只需一次save
调用即可保存此关系。
要在 categories 里面加载 question,你必须在FindOptions
中指定关系:
const questionRepository = connection.getRepository(Question);
const questions = await questionRepository.find({ relations: ["categories"] });
或者使用QueryBuilder
const questions = await connection
.getRepository(Question)
.createQueryBuilder("question")
.leftJoinAndSelect("question.categories", "category")
.getMany();
通过在关系上启用预先加载,你不必指定关系或手动加入,它将始终自动加载。
关系可以是单向的和双向的。 单向是仅在一侧与关系装饰器的关系。 双向是与关系两侧的装饰者的关系。
我们刚刚创建了一个单向关系。 让我们改为双向:
import { Entity, PrimaryGeneratedColumn, Column, ManyToMany } from "typeorm";
import { Question } from "./Question";
@Entity()
export class Category {
@PrimaryGeneratedColumn()
id: number;
@Column()
name: string;
@ManyToMany(() => Question, question => question.categories)
questions: Question[];
}
import { Entity, PrimaryGeneratedColumn, Column, ManyToMany, JoinTable } from "typeorm";
import { Category } from "./Category";
@Entity()
export class Question {
@PrimaryGeneratedColumn()
id: number;
@Column()
title: string;
@Column()
text: string;
@ManyToMany(() => Category, category => category.questions)
@JoinTable()
categories: Category[];
}
我们只是创建了双向关系。 注意,反向关系没有@JoinTable
。
@JoinTable
必须只在关系的一边。
双向关系允许您使用QueryBuilder
从双方加入关系:
const categoriesWithQuestions = await connection
.getRepository(Category)
.createQueryBuilder("category")
.leftJoinAndSelect("category.questions", "question")
.getMany();